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ECMWF vs UKMO: which model is more accurate?

ECMWF IFS (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) and UKMO Unified Model (UK Met Office) are two of the models behind the forecast you see in almost every weather app. We grade both against the weather that actually happened, so this is a measured comparison rather than an opinion.

Short answer

The European model (ECMWF) scores higher in 1 of the 1 market where we grade both. Both are graded against ERA5 reanalysis over a rolling 30-day window, scoring temperature, wind and rain. No model wins every day or every place, which is why we show them side by side.

Head to head, by market

CheckWeather Score — measured against recorded weather
MarketECMWFUKMOWinner
United Kingdom300 cities91±0.64°C temp · 94% rain88±0.79°C temp · 91% rainEuropean

Scores blend temperature, wind and rain accuracy, each measured against ERA5 (the recorded weather) over a rolling 30-day window. Full method.

How they differ

same physics, different machines

European · ECMWF

Widely regarded as the world's most accurate global model. Run by a 35-nation European agency, its high-resolution forecast is the benchmark others are measured against.

Run by European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts
Resolution ~25 km (open 0.25° release)

Met Office · UKMO

Britain's own national model, run by the Met Office. Strong over the UK and North Atlantic, and the model BBC Weather is returning to.

Run by UK Met Office
Resolution ~10 km global

Common questions

Is ECMWF more accurate than UKMO?
In our own testing, European (ECMWF) comes out ahead across the 1 market where both are graded. We measure each model's archived forecast against ERA5 reanalysis (the recorded weather) over a rolling 30-day window, scoring temperature, wind and rain. No model wins everywhere or every day, which is exactly why we show both side by side rather than picking one.
What is the difference between ECMWF and UKMO?
ECMWF IFS is run by European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (EU (Reading, UK)) at roughly ~25 km (open 0.25° release) resolution. UKMO Unified Model is run by UK Met Office (United Kingdom) at roughly ~10 km global. They solve the same atmospheric physics with different code, different resolution and different data assimilation, which is why they disagree - and that disagreement is a useful signal about how certain the forecast really is.
Which should I trust for my forecast?
Neither on its own. When ECMWF and UKMO agree, the forecast is reliable and you can plan on it. When they split, the day is genuinely uncertain and any single number is hiding that from you. That is why every city page on checkweather.io shows both models with a plain-English confidence score instead of one blended figure.

See them tested